Hand Sanitizer and Gloves

If you or a friend gets injured on the go, the last thing you want to do is tend the wound with dirty hands. Alcohol-based gel or wipes can sanitize your hands when soap and water aren't readily available. Sanitize before, slip on a pair of latex or non-latex exam gloves, and sanitize again after treating the wound.

             

              

Scratches and Cuts on the Face

Your injury's location can affect how you bandage it. For most injuries, first you'll want to clean it with water to get rid of debris and help prevent infection. Then, stop bleeding by applying pressure with sterile gauze. Face injuries can bleed a lot. But once bleeding stops, minor face cuts can go uncovered. Or a small adhesive strip can work well. You may need stitches if the cut is jagged, deep, or longer than a half inch.

First Aid Home Remedies: 10 Facts and Myths

Can these home remedies treat injuries effectively?

Should you tilt your head back to stop a nosebleed? Can you soothe a burn with butter? Is rubbing a hard-boiled egg over a bruise a good home remedy? No, replies Dr Lim Chin Siah, Associate Consultant, Department of Emergency Medicine, Singapore General Hospital (SGH), a member of the SingHealth group, to these first aid questions. Here are the facts, and the right solution, regarding some common first aid problems:

Myth 1: Soothe a burn with butter, toothpaste or ice:

Fact: Applying butter or an oily substance to a burn injury can make it difficult for a doctor to treat the burn later. The butter will also increase the risk of infection. Toothpaste can also increase the risk of infection since it becomes unhygienic once the cap is removed from the tube. Ice may cause a sudden drop in temperature and shock the victim. It can also damage the skin tissue.

What to do: The burned skin can be soothed by running cool tap water over it for about 10 minutes. An antiseptic cream can then be applied to the burn. If the burned skin starts to blister, see a doctor.

Myth 2: Rub a hard-boiled egg over a bruise to ease blood circulation

Fact: Rubbing a hard-boiled egg over a bruise may cause even more internal bleeding.

What to do: The best home treatment is to apply an ice pack on the bruise; this will reduce the internal bleeding. The ice should not touch the skin directly since this can cause ice burn, similar to sunburn.

Myth 3: Squeeze the stinger to treat a bee sting

Fact: Squeezing the stinger will cause more toxins to flow into the bloodstream.

What to do: Quickly pull out the stinger with a pair of tweezers, then apply an antihistamine cream to the affected area.

Myth 4: Tilt your head back to stop a nosebleed

Fact: If you tilt your head back when you have a nosebleed, the blood may go into your throat and your stomach, which may lead to nausea and vomiting.

What to do: Tilt your head forward and press the fleshy part of your nose, the part you would hold for a bad smell, for a full 10 minutes, while breathing through your mouth. If you are still bleeding after half an hour, seek emergency help.

Myth 5: Use onion or garlic to revive a person who has fainted

Fact: There is no known medical benefit from doing this.

What to do: If you see somebody faint, let the victim lie down with the face up, and raise the legs to increase the blood flow to the brain.

Myth 6: Clear a choking child’s throat with your fingers

Fact: Placing your fingers in a child’s throat can cause damage, or push the obstruction further down.

What to do: Stand behind the child and smack him or her between the shoulder blades with your hand, checking the mouth after each blow for the obstruction. Stop once you see the obstruction and remove it. You can do this up to five times. If this exercise doesn’t help, clench your fist and give up to five abdominal thrusts, thrusting above the navel in an upwards stroke, until the obstruction is dislodged from the throat.

Myth 7: Treat a black eye with a raw steak

Fact: The raw meat will only serve to infect the eye with any germs in the meat.

What to do: Apply ice wrapped in a clean towel to the eye area to reduce the swelling. Don’t place ice directly on the affected area since this can cause an ice burn, similar to a sunburn. See a doctor to check for head injuries.

Myth 8: Place a metal spoon into the mouth of a person having a seizure

Fact: This is intended to prevent the person from biting their tongue but it can do more harm than good; the metal spoon can cause damage to the teeth, palate or gums.

What to do: Place a blanket or coat on the floor and lie the person on it, turning the body sideways to prevent the tongue from blocking the airway. Keep the person in this position until the seizure stops.

Myth 9: Tie a tourniquet on an injured arm to stop bleeding

Fact: A tourniquet tied on an arm or leg will cut off the blood supply not just to the injured area but to the whole limb, which may cause tissue damage.

What to do: Apply direct pressure to the injured area with your hand, placing your hand over a sterile gauze or a clean towel, so that you disturb the wound as little as possible. Seek medical attention if the bleeding doesn’t stop.

Myth 10: Apply heat to a sprain or fracture

Fact: Heat increases swelling and can prevent the injury from healing.

What to do: Apply an ice pack to the injury, and make sure the ice doesn’t touch the bare skin.

 

 

 

FIRST AID FOR MINOR BURN

Accident and emergencies are the part of our life no one knows about it when it will happen but we should be better prepared for it every time . In any kind of situation of emergency our quick response is very important to reduce the damage and improve recovery process. The burning experienced  happen when hot beverages is spilled on our skin or with boiled hot water burned etc.
but these minor burns don't required emergency or doctor it can be first aid at home .
 

So here are some tips to get quick recover from minor burn accident are following:

• The first thing to do is immediately cool the affected area by cold sponge or cloth on the burn place
• Make sure that the water is not to cold and avoid using ice because it will damage the skin .
• for preventing the occurrence of swelling try keeping the burn part elevated especially if you have burned your leg or arm
• avoid applying any kind of ointment ,cream on the burn

cover the burn area in a light manner that with the help of plastic bag or piece of wet cloth doing so will help in protecting your skin from any kind of infection or irritation.

There are some few tips for home for treating out minor burn accident normally happened in home so we should follow these home remedies for minor burn to get quick recover from every kind of burns accidents

 

FIRST AID AND SAFETY

IN my opinion safety is very important in every body life .we can make safety as a part of our life by using first aid in any kind of emergency suffering pain or any kind of incident happen society.

Now a days accident can be happen in every walk of our life and we should be prepared for it every time but if incident happen in our life so how can we make it safe to get recover quickly from any kind of grave medical conditions or any kind of small incidents .The availability of first aid is very important in any kind of emergency happening in our life and we should have first aid in our homes ,educational institution offices etc. And also educate people of society that how can they use first aid for their safety in any kind of emergency.

Here are some fast and safety first aid tips we should follow to :

• if there is bleeding first press firmly over the bleeding area with a clean cloth until it stop the bleeding and press for three to 15 minutes
• for burn immediately hold under cool running water or apply cold wet towel until the pain subsides and cover it with small blisters and with loose bandage or tape

for splinter or glass use soap and water to wash around  the splinter. clean a pair of tweezers with rubbing alcohol and slowly pull the splinter out and wash the skin.

so here are some tips we should follow and make our life safe and secure from happening any kind of emergency

 

ACTION AT AN EMERGENCY

FIRE

Fire is vital because it spreads very quickly, first call an emergency and don't panic, you must calm down from that you can think.

If happened in building first of all operate nearest fire alarm then try to help people to get out as much as you can then shut all doors behind you.

IMPORTANT POINTS

• At burning incident observe, think and don't rush in.
• If there is a risk for you, then wait for emergency services.
• Don't use lift in any circumstances.

DEALING WITH A FIRE  

Fire needs three components to start i.e. ignition(an electric spark or naked flame),fuel(patrol, wood, fabric), oxygen.

FOR EXAMPLE:

• Switch off a car.
• Shut the door to cut off oxygen.
• Remove curtains, cardboard.

THE TRIANGLE OF FIRE

Don't fight with fire unless you have called an emergency services.

CLOTHING ON FIRE

• Stop the casualty to run or panic or any movement or stop to breeze with fan.
• Drop casualty to the ground.
• Wrap casualty with blanket or in a coat tightly or any rug or heavy fabric and never use nylon.

ELECTRICAL INJURIES

When a person is electrocuted, the passage of electrical current through the body may stun the casualty, causing breathing and also the heart to stop. The current may cause burns both where it leaves the body to go to 'earth'. Alternating current also causes spams that often prevent the casualty from letting go of an electric cable, so the casualty may still be 'live' when you come on the scene.

HIGH VOLTAGE CURRENT

High voltage current found in power lines and overhead high-tension(HT) cables, is usually immediately fatal. It could result the sudden muscular spam produced by the shock may propel the casualty some distance, it causing injuries such as fractures. Material such as dry wood or clothing will not protect you. The power must be cut off and isolated before you approach the casualty.

ACTION:

• Call for an emergency services.
• The casualty will probably be unconscious, once it is safe to do so, apply the "ABC" of resuscitation it means; 

1. A is for airway.
2. B is for breathing.
3. C is for circulation.

LOW VOLTAGE CURRENT

Domestic current, as used in homes, offices, workshops, and shops, can cause serious injury, and even death. Many injuries result from faulty switches, frayed flex, or defects within an appliance itself. Young children are especially at risk. You must be aware of the hazards of water which is dangerously efficient conductor of electricity. Handling an otherwise safe appliance with wet hands, or when standing on a wet floor, greatly increases the risk of a shock.

ACTION:

Break the contact by switching off or otherwise remove the plug, if you can't then stand on dry insulating material such as wood, telephone directory is a good insulator or rubber or plastic mat or a thick pile of newspaper. Push the casualty's limb away from the source as chair or stool or wood stick and if casualty is unconscious then do the 'ABC' resuscitation.

 In case The Heart Stop.

Apply the 'ABC' resuscitation until a normal heartbeat returns or if trained do a specific medical treatment, blow with heel of a hand and place it on the center of the chest may help, but remember this should be tried only twice.

RESCUE FROM DROWNING

Death from drowning when air cannot pass or get into lungs. This is happened when water gets into the lungs.

TREATMENT:

• Call an ambulance first.
• Waiting for arrival of an ambulance you have to keep warm to casualty after takeout of casualty from water, lay down at her back on rug or coat.
• Check the breathing and pulse.
• Change her wet clothes for treating her from hypothermia.

FIRST AID

First aid is the immediate treatment given to someone who is injured or ill and applied before the arrival of ambulance or a doctor or any expert.

BEING A FIRST-AIDER 

A first-aider should be skill based on knowledge, trained or experienced. The term "First-Aider" is a person who has completed a theoretical or practical courses. 

FIRST AID FOR BITES AND STINGS

Everyone know that how to treat yourself when insects attack on you. so there is some precaution for everyone.....

If Snake bite on you so you should...

• Don’t try to suck venom out from a bite wound.
• Don’t wash off the venom from the bite.
• Apply pressure immobilisation bandage to entire limb as far up as possible.
• Start just above fingers or just above toes.
• Keep the bitten limb and the patient STILL.
• Apply a splint to the leg or to the arm from the elbow to the fingers.
• Don’t move the patient.
• Don’t remove bandages as venom will quickly enter bloodstream.

Signs and symptoms

Puncture marks may be visible. Nausea. Vomiting. Abdominal pain. Drowsiness. Respiratory weakness. Headache. Breathing difficulty.

If Bluebottle sting on you so you should

• Vinegar is NOT recommended.
• Remove any tentacles with tweezers or fingers. Do NOT rub the area.
• Do NOT wash off with fresh water — use sea water.
• Immerse the affected area in hot water (no hotter than the rescuer can comfortably tolerate) for 20 minutes to relieve pain.
• If pain is not relieved by heat, or hot water is not available, stings may respond to ice packs or unaesthetic creams or lotions.

If Box jellyfish or sea wasp sting on you...you should

• Flood the adhering tentacles with vinegar to inactivate the stinging cells – for at least 30 seconds.
• Anti-venom is required for all but minor stings.
• Make sure patient does NOT move.
• Artificial respiration and cardiac massage may be required.

Signs and symptoms

Excruciating pain. Person may go into shock and collapse – may drown as a result.

If Cone shell (snail) sting on you...you should

• Pressure immobilisation bandage over the site.
• Seek medical assistance immediately.
• Assisted or artificial respiration may be required.
• Tetanus injection may be needed — wound could be infected.

Signs and symptoms

Pain, swelling and numbness at sting site. Prolonged weakness of muscles. Vision, speech and hearing are disturbed. Death may occur.

IMPORTANCE OF FIRST AID DAY IN OUR LIFE
 
World first day is celebrated on 12 September 2014  in my opinion the importance of this day is to aware people about first aid that how they use first aid to make their life save from happening any kind of emergency and incident in their life  because incident is a part of our life and we should prepared for this any time in our life . we should also know the importance of this day in our life to make our life secure  and safe in any kind of incidents and emergencies .

IT also provide the citizen to learn the skills of using first aid to make some one life safe from any kind  of  incident .The importance of this day should acknowledge to children in their schools  and make them study about this great day of safety that is first aid  so they can also share and aware this great knowledge and skills to their friends and society to make their life safe from any kind of emergency it is very help full for every one in society to aware about this great day knowledge by using great technologies to aware society that how can we use this knowledge of this day to make our life safe from any kind of emergencies in our life and also by celebrating these days every year so that every one can live their life safe and healthy
 

FIRST AID

                                                                                                                                                                  Well  stocked firstaid kit, kept within easy reach, is a necessity in every home. Having supplies gathered ahead of time  will   help you handle an emergency at a moment's notice. You should keep one first aid kit in your home and one in each car. Also be sure to bring a first-aid kit on family vacations.

You can purchase a first aid kit at drugstores or a local Red Cross office,or make one of your own. If you  decide to make one, choose containers for your kits that are roomy, durable,easy to carry, and simple to open.Plastic tackle boxes or containers for storing art supplies are ideal,since they're lightweight, have handles, and offer a lot of space.

What You'll Need

Include the following in each of your first-aid kits:

• first-aid manual
• sterile gauze pads of different sizes
• adhesive tape
• adhesive bandages in several sizes
• elastic bandage
• a splint
• antiseptic wipes
• soap
• antibiotic ointment
• antiseptic solution (like hydrogen peroxide)
• hydro cortisone cream (1%)
• acetaminophen and ibuprofen
• extra prescription medications (if the family is going on vacation)
• tweezers
• sharp scissors
• safety pins
• disposable instant cold packs
• calamine lotion
• alcohol wipes or ethyl alcohol
• thermometer
• tooth preservation kit
• plastic non-latex gloves (at least 2 pairs)
• flashlight and extra batteries
• a blanket
• mouthpiece for administering CPR (can be obtained from yourlocal Red Cross)
• your list of emergency phone numbers
• blanket (stored nearby)

After you've stocked your first-aid kits:

• Read the entire first aid manual so you'll understand how to use the contents of your kits. (If your kids   are old enough to understand, review the manuals with them.)
• Store first-aid kits in places that are out of children 's reach but easily accessible for adults.
• Check the kits regularly. Replace missing items or medicines that may have expired.
• Check the flashlight batteries to make sure they work.
• If you're flying, be sure to pack the first-aid kit in your checked luggage. Many of the items won't be permitted in your carry-on bags. 

IMPORTANCE OF FIRST AID IN OUR DAILY LIFE

Now a days first aid is very important in our daily life .because having a knowledge of first aid we can neglect the feeling of hopelessness when some one need help in kind of emergency we don't have to be a doctor to help any body in kind of sickness condition but knowing few skills of first aid can make a hope for saving our life in kind of emergency.
 
first aid education is very good education to aware people of the society our children in their schools in institution so that they can use this first aid knowledge to save the life of others at the time of their grave medical condition. first aid  is very important aspect of increasing your knowledge and how you can extent your knowledge to help some one in any kind of incident or it could be any thing .

Now a days it is essential for each member of the society to know about first aid techniques and knowledge and also make first aid as a part of their education in their life so that they can extent their knowledge by saving the life of others at the time of emergency or any kind of incidents happen in their life.

                                    ابتدائی طبی امداد سے آگاہی

           .ابتدائی طبی امداد مریض کی جان بچانے کی ابتدائی  کاوش ہے تا کہ مرض کو مزید بڑھنے سے روکا جا سکے

                                                                                                                                         

                                                                                                               اگر کانٹا چبھ جائے۔

اگر کسی بچے کو سو ئی یا کانٹا چبھ جائے تو سب سے پہلے سوئی یاکانٹے کو باہر نکالیں۔ خون بہنے کی صورت میں خون کو روکیں اور متاثرہ جگہ پر پایو ڈین ٹنکچر لگا کر پٹی باندھ دیں۔ کانٹا جسم کے اندر ٹوٹ جانے کی صورت میں کو شش کر یں کہ کانٹا نکل سکے بصورت دیگر درد کو روکیں۔

حلق میں کچھ پھنس جائے۔۔۔

حلق میں کو ئی چیز پھنس جانے کی صورت میں مریض کو سامنے کی طرف جھکا کر اس کی پشت پر کندھوں کے درمیان کھلے ہاتھوں سے پانچ مرتبہ زور دار ہاتھ ماریں۔ یہ طریقہ کار گر نہ ہونے کی صورت میں پیٹ پر دبائو دیں۔ ایسا کرنے کے لیے مریض کے پیچھے کھڑے ہو کر دونوں بازوئوں سے اس طرح گھیرا ڈالیں کہ ایک ہاتھ کی ہتھیلی اوپر اور ایک کی نیچے کی طرف ہو۔ مر یض کے بے ہوش ہونے اور سانس نہ لینے کی صورت میں فوری طور پر ہسپتال لے جائیں۔

اگر بجلی کا جھٹکا لگے۔۔۔

بجلی کا جھٹکا لگنے کی صورت میں بے ہوشی، سانس کی رکاوٹ اور دل کی د ھڑکن بند ہو سکتی ہے۔ طبی مدد کے لیے سب سے پہلے پلگ یا سوئچ کے بند ہونے کو یقینی بنائیں یا اگر تار گرے ہوئے ہیں تو انہیں ہٹائیں یا مریض کو بجلی کے منبع سے دور کریں۔ اس دوران اپنا بچائو بھی اشد ضروری ہے، غیر موصل اشیاء مثلاً لکڑی اور ربڑ وغیرہ کا استعمال ایسی صورت میں مفید ہو سکتا ہے۔ بجلی سے متاثرہ مریض کو علیحدہ کرنے کے بعد اس کی نبض اور سانس کا معائنہ کریں اور سانس بند ہونے کی صورت میں مصنوعی تنفس دیں۔ سانس اور نبض نارمل ہو جائے تو جلنے کے زخم کا ابتدائی طبی علاج کر یں یا ہسپتال منتقل کریں۔

شہد کی مکھی کاٹ لے۔۔۔

اگربھڑ یا شہد کی مکھی کاٹ لے تو متاثرہ جگہ پر خارش مت کر یں ورنہ تکلیف زیادہ ہو گی۔ کاٹے کی جگہ کو پانی اور صابن یا ڈیٹول والے پانی سے دھوئیں پھر برف کی ٹکور کریں۔

جل جانے کی صورت میں۔۔۔

بعض اوقات شعلوں، کھولتے ہوئے مادوں یا کیمیکلز سے جسم جل جاتا ہے۔ جلنے کی وجہ کوئی بھی ہو زخموں کا طریقہ علاج ایک جیسا ہے۔ اگر جسم کا بہت زیادہ حصہ جل چکا ہو تو اسی وقت ایمبولینس کے لیے فون کریں۔ جلنے کی مختلف صورتوں میں طبی مدد بھی اس کے مطابق ہوتی ہے۔کسی کو کپڑوں میں آگ لگنے سے اسے اس طرح لٹائیں کہ جلا ہوا حصہ اوپر کی طرف ہو اور اس پر خوب پانی ڈالیں یا پھر کمبل یا دری میں لپیٹ دیں تاکہ شعلوں کو ہوا نہ مل سکے۔ اگر جسم گرم پانی یا سیال مادے سے جلا ہے تو اوپر پہنے ہوئے کپڑوں میں حرارت موجود ہو گی۔ انہیں احتیاط سے علیحدہ کر دیں کیو نکہ کپڑوں میں موجود حرارت سے مزید زخمی ہونے کا امکان ہے۔ اگر زخم کسی کیمیکل کی وجہ سے ہو اہے تو کپڑوں کو اتارنا ضروری ہے، مگر یاد رہے کہ اپنے ہاتھوں کو اس کیمیکل سے بچانے کے لیے کچھ پہن لیں۔ متاثرہ عضو کو پانی کے ٹب میں کم از کم 10منٹ لٹا دیں۔ جلی ہوئی جگہ پر برف ہرگز مت لگائیں۔ زخم شدید ہو تو طبی مدد طلب کرنے میں ہرگز تاخیرمت کریں۔

آنکھ پر چوٹ لگ جائے۔۔۔

آنکھ پر چوٹ لگنے کی صورت میں مر یض کو اس طرح لٹائیں کہ ممکنہ حد تک حرکت نہ ہو۔ متاثرہ آنکھ کا معائنہ کر یں۔ آنکھ کی چوٹ آنکھ میں کسی چیز کے چلے جانے مثلاً گرد کے ذرات، شیشے کے ٹکڑے، آنکھ کے بال، دھات کے ٹکڑے اور کیمیکلز وغیرہ سے ہو سکتی ہے۔ عام درجہ حرارت کے پانی سے آنکھ کو اچھی طرح دھوئیں۔ اس کے لیے ضروری ہو گا کہ مریض اپنی متاثرہ آنکھ کھلی رکھے یا اپنا چہرہ پانی میں ڈبو کر آنکھ بار بار جھپکے۔ اگر آنکھ میں کو ئی چیز چبھ گئی ہو اور اندر گھسی ہو ئی ہو یا آنکھ میں اس سے زخم ہو گیا ہو تو پانی مت ڈالیں اور فوراً ڈاکٹر سے رجوع کریں۔

مچھلی کا کانٹا پھنس جائے۔۔۔

مچھلی کا کانٹا گلے میں پھنس جانے کی صورت میں روٹی کا نوالہ کھلائیں۔ کانٹا اس میں پھنس جائے گا، اس طرح اگر نگل بھی لیا جائے تو تکلیف نہ دے گا۔

دانت بھنچ جائے۔۔۔

کسی وجہ سے دانت کے بھنچ جانے کی صورت میں مریض کی ناک کو دونوں انگلیوں کے ساتھ دبائیں، دباؤ پڑنے سے منہ کھل جائے گا۔

اگر سانپ کاٹ لے۔۔۔

سانپ کے کاٹنے کی صورت میں کاٹے والی جگہ کو صابن سے دھو دیں۔ کاٹے والی جگہ سے دو سے چار انچ اوپر جسم کی طرف مضبوطی سے کپڑا باندھ دیں مگر خون کا بہاؤ نہ رکنے پائے۔ ایک صاف ستھرے بلیڈ یا چاقو سے ایک چوتھائی انچ کا کٹ لگائیں اور زخم پر منہ لگا کر زہر کھینچ کر تھوک دیں۔ جتنی جلدی ہو سکے مر یض کو ہسپتال منتقل کریں۔

پانی میں ڈوبنے کی صورت میں۔۔۔

پانی میں ڈوبنے کی صورت میں مر یض کو پانی سے نکالنے کے بعد اوندھے منہ لٹا دیں اور منہ کو اندر سے صاف کریں۔ پیٹ کے نیچے کوئی گدی وغیرہ رکھ کر کمر پر ہاتھوں سے دباؤ ڈالیں تاکہ پانی پیٹ سے نکل جائے۔ سانس بند ہو نے کی صورت میںمصنوعی طر یقے سے سانس بحال کریں اور ڈاکٹر سے رجوع کریں۔

By : Marwa Javeid