ACTION AT AN EMERGENCY

FIRE

Fire is vital because it spreads very quickly, first call an emergency and don't panic, you must calm down from that you can think.

If happened in building first of all operate nearest fire alarm then try to help people to get out as much as you can then shut all doors behind you.

IMPORTANT POINTS

• At burning incident observe, think and don't rush in.
• If there is a risk for you, then wait for emergency services.
• Don't use lift in any circumstances.

DEALING WITH A FIRE  

Fire needs three components to start i.e. ignition(an electric spark or naked flame),fuel(patrol, wood, fabric), oxygen.

FOR EXAMPLE:

• Switch off a car.
• Shut the door to cut off oxygen.
• Remove curtains, cardboard.

THE TRIANGLE OF FIRE

Don't fight with fire unless you have called an emergency services.

CLOTHING ON FIRE

• Stop the casualty to run or panic or any movement or stop to breeze with fan.
• Drop casualty to the ground.
• Wrap casualty with blanket or in a coat tightly or any rug or heavy fabric and never use nylon.

ELECTRICAL INJURIES

When a person is electrocuted, the passage of electrical current through the body may stun the casualty, causing breathing and also the heart to stop. The current may cause burns both where it leaves the body to go to 'earth'. Alternating current also causes spams that often prevent the casualty from letting go of an electric cable, so the casualty may still be 'live' when you come on the scene.

HIGH VOLTAGE CURRENT

High voltage current found in power lines and overhead high-tension(HT) cables, is usually immediately fatal. It could result the sudden muscular spam produced by the shock may propel the casualty some distance, it causing injuries such as fractures. Material such as dry wood or clothing will not protect you. The power must be cut off and isolated before you approach the casualty.

ACTION:

• Call for an emergency services.
• The casualty will probably be unconscious, once it is safe to do so, apply the "ABC" of resuscitation it means; 

1. A is for airway.
2. B is for breathing.
3. C is for circulation.

LOW VOLTAGE CURRENT

Domestic current, as used in homes, offices, workshops, and shops, can cause serious injury, and even death. Many injuries result from faulty switches, frayed flex, or defects within an appliance itself. Young children are especially at risk. You must be aware of the hazards of water which is dangerously efficient conductor of electricity. Handling an otherwise safe appliance with wet hands, or when standing on a wet floor, greatly increases the risk of a shock.

ACTION:

Break the contact by switching off or otherwise remove the plug, if you can't then stand on dry insulating material such as wood, telephone directory is a good insulator or rubber or plastic mat or a thick pile of newspaper. Push the casualty's limb away from the source as chair or stool or wood stick and if casualty is unconscious then do the 'ABC' resuscitation.

 In case The Heart Stop.

Apply the 'ABC' resuscitation until a normal heartbeat returns or if trained do a specific medical treatment, blow with heel of a hand and place it on the center of the chest may help, but remember this should be tried only twice.

RESCUE FROM DROWNING

Death from drowning when air cannot pass or get into lungs. This is happened when water gets into the lungs.

TREATMENT:

• Call an ambulance first.
• Waiting for arrival of an ambulance you have to keep warm to casualty after takeout of casualty from water, lay down at her back on rug or coat.
• Check the breathing and pulse.
• Change her wet clothes for treating her from hypothermia.